The Soviet war in Afghanistan was a nine-year
war during the Cold War fought by the Soviet Army and the Marxist-Leninist
government of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan against the Afghan
Mujahideen guerrilla movement and foreign "Arab–Afghan" volunteers. The
mujahideen received wide military and financial support from Pakistan, also
receiving direct and indirect support by the United States and China. The Afghan
government fought with the intervention of the Soviet Union as its primary ally.
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The initial Soviet deployment of the 40th Army
in Afghanistan began on December 24, 1979 under Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev.
The final troop withdrawal started on May 15, 1988, and ended on February 15,
1989 under the last Soviet leader, Mikhail Gorbachev. Due to the interminable
nature of the war, the conflict in Afghanistan has sometimes been referred to as
the "Soviet Union's Vietnam War" or "the Bear Trap". Wiki
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